Spirulina platensis Biofertilization for Enhancing Growth, Photosynthetic Capacity and Yield of Lupinus luteus

Cyanobacteria can play an important role in sustainable agriculture by improving crop growth and production, as well environmental quality. The current study was conducted to evaluate the of Spirulina platensis extract improvement growth, photosynthetic capacity yield Lupinus luteus. Different concentrations (0.25, 0.5 1.0%) S. methanolic were used for priming seeds foliar spraying applications. Growth, pigment content activity recorded at 35 days cultivation. measurements protein profile performed 60 days. For both treatments, lower concentration (0.25%) most successful all metrics phytohormonal level L. Photosynthetic capacity, nutrient components luteus improved with 0.25% concentration. However, significantly inhibited higher (1.0%), recording values measured characters than control. A positive correlation observed between total chlorophyll, rate, parameters carbohydrate accumulation application extracts. revealed that treatment triggered appearance a new band 30.56 KDa. promotion could be attributed nutrients, bioactive molecules phytohormones extract. use Spirulina-based stimulators is reliable concept enhancing rate ensuring those